Managing RMS by targeting
B cells:
what to know
RMS = relapsing multiple sclerosisMany high-efficacy treatments for RMS work by suppressing B cells, parts of your immune system that play a key role in RMS. Some therapies do this continuously, while others only do it temporarily.
Why is it important to know about the different types of immunosuppression? How might the different approaches impact your life? What kinds of compromises might you have to make—and for how long? Read on to find out.
Targeting B cells through suppression or modulation
Why target B cells in MS? Normally, certain immune system cells—called B cells—produce antibodies that help destroy viruses and bacteria. When you have RMS, however, some of these B cells also mistakenly target the healthy tissue of your central nervous system, attacking the protective layer around nerve fibers.
A number of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) for RMS work by directly targeting B cells. These B-cell–suppressing DMTs are considered high-efficacy treatments. Other classes of RMS treatments involve B cell modulation and are believed to work mainly by either limiting the movement of B cells through the body or hindering immune cell activity and inflammatory chemical signals.
Factors to consider with B cell suppression
Factors to consider with B cell suppression
While many high efficacy treatments for RMS reduce the number of B cells, this approach requires consideration. Reducing the number of these cells, also called immunosuppression, may weaken your immunity.
How might suppressing the B cells of your immune system impact your body?
During periods of low B cell counts, you may:
- Have lower levels of infection-fighting proteins, which could lead to an increased risk of infection
- The risk increases for viral infections, such as COVID-19 and flu, urinary tract infections and upper respiratory tract infections
- Be at a higher risk of having a reactivation of tuberculosis, hepatitis, and HIV
How might your lifestyle be impacted while you are immunosuppressed?
You may have to limit or avoid some social activities while your immune system is suppressed to reduce exposure to certain infections
You may have to wear a
mask in public
You may have to be more aware of what your children are bringing back from school, day care, or other activities
Do all B-cell–suppressing RMS therapies work the same way?
Not all high-efficacy, B-cell–suppressing RMS therapies continuously suppress your immune system. How long they do so can depend on their dosing regimens and which kinds of B cells are being targeted.
DMT = disease-modifying therapy
Some DMTs for RMS suppress your immune system long-term
Many medications taken on an ongoing basis—such as daily pills and recurring injections or infusions—can cause long-term immunosuppression, because your B cells never fully recover to their normal levels. This is a trade-off of these drugs. They work well by suppressing B cells, but the downside is living with continuous immunosuppression.
Many medications taken on an ongoing basis—such as daily pills and recurring injections or infusions—can cause long-term immunosuppression, because your B cells never fully recover to their normal levels. This is a trade-off of these drugs. They work well by suppressing B cells, but the downside is living with continuous immunosuppression.
Some DMTs for RMS work differently
Other DMTs for RMS work by targeting B cells without causing long-term immunosuppression. Since you don't take them on a continuous basis, your B cells have a chance to recover.
Other DMTs for RMS work by targeting B cells without causing long-term immunosuppression. Since you don't take them on a continuous basis, your B cells have a chance to recover.
DMT = disease-modifying therapy
Learn about a DMT that targets B cells in a different way
Because of the different risks and benefits unique to each therapy, it is important to research treatment options and discuss them with your healthcare provider to find the best treatment plan for you.