Managing RMS by targeting
B cells:
what to know
RMS = relapsing multiple sclerosisMany high-efficacy treatments for RMS work by suppressing B cells, part of your immune system that play a key role in RMS. Some do this continuously, while others only do it temporarily.
Why is it important to know about the different types of immunosuppression? How might the differences impact your life? What kinds of compromises might you have to make—and for how long? Read on to find out.
Understanding RMS and B cells
Normally, certain immune system cells—called “B cells”—produce antibodies that help destroy viruses and bacteria. When you have RMS, however, some of these B cells also mistakenly target the healthy tissue of your central nervous system, attacking the protective layer around nerve fibers. That’s why many of the most effective treatments are designed to reduce the number of B cells in your system.
However, reducing your B cell count does come with trade-offs. You need B cells—along with the proteins they produce, called “antibodies”—to help you fight off infections, such as COVID-19 and the flu. You also need B cells to help keep certain chronic infections in check. Reducing the number of these cells may weaken your immunity.
How might suppressing the B cells of your immune system impact your body?
During periods of low B cell counts, you may:
- Have lower levels of infection-fighting proteins called “antibodies” or “immunoglobulins,” which could lead to an increased risk of infection
- Be at a higher risk of having a reactivation of tuberculosis, hepatitis, and HIV
- Be more susceptible to infections, such as urinary tract infections and upper respiratory tract infections
How might your lifestyle be impacted if you’re continuously immunosuppressed?
You may have to limit or avoid some social activities while your immune system is suppressed to reduce exposure to certain infections
You may have to wear a
mask in public
You may have to be more aware of what your children are bringing back from school, day care, or other activities
Do all B-cell–reducing RMS therapies work the same?
Not all high-efficacy B-cell–reducing RMS therapies continuously suppress your immune system. How long they do so can depend on their dosing regimens and which kinds of B cells are being targeted.
DMT = disease-modifying therapy
Some DMTs for RMS suppress your immune system long-term
Many medications taken on an ongoing basis—such as daily pills and recurring injections or infusions—can cause long-term immunosuppression, because your B cells never fully recover to their normal levels. This is the trade-off of these drugs. They work well by suppressing B cells, but the downside is living with continuous immunosuppression.
Many medications taken on an ongoing basis—such as daily pills and recurring injections or infusions—can cause long-term immunosuppression, because your B cells never fully recover to their normal levels. This is the trade-off of these drugs. They work well by suppressing B cells, but the downside is living with continuous immunosuppression.
Some DMTs for RMS work differently
Other DMTs for RMS work by targeting B cells without causing long-term immunosuppression. Since you don't take them on a continuous basis, your B cells have a chance to recover.
Other DMTs for RMS work by targeting B cells without causing long-term immunosuppression. Since you don't take them on a continuous basis, your B cells have a chance to recover.
DMT = disease-modifying therapy
Learn about a DMT that targets B cells in a different way
Because of the different risks and benefits unique to each therapy, it is important to research treatment options and discuss them with your healthcare provider to find the best treatment plan for you.